Light saving step of Bangladesh Government
-A study on Shopping Mall & Departmental store”
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to express our gratitude and indebtedness to our honorable course instructor, lecturer of Basic in Social Science, American International University - Bangladesh. With his inexhaustible guidance, valuable advice, illumination suggestion, continuous inspiration, constructive criticism and generosity helped us to carry out the report successfully.
We would also like to thank all employees who helped us with full patience whenever we asked for help. We have gathered a lot of information from them to complete our report in required time.
Finally we thank our almighty Allah to give us all the resources to make the survey work.
ABSTRACT
Day light saving is a step of saving day time by advancing the nations clock. Bangladesh starts day light saving on June 19, 2009. There are some impacts on every sector due to this time changing. The major impact happens on employees of different sectors. All the workers condition of their life is seems to be same. Our group works at Dhaka as a sample of all over the Bangladesh business sector.
Our main focus is the area of Dhaka but there is very little research paper on this topic and those are not presenting the whole scenario. For this project we have done some theoretical and practical work. In the theoretical part we studied some author’s articles and some organizations reports. In the theoretical part we researched about its definition, history and its limitations. There we focused on some objectives. We have done our questionnaire part in this area.
Statement Of The Problem
By studying the affects of Day light saving step we will know whether it is actually help our employees to run their life properly. It is very essential for our society to know what kind of problems they face during this time period, how we as a social being can help them, provide them the best option they actually need. We don’t ignore their opinions as a worker. We have to proper behave with them for their works.
We think the study of Day light saving is essential. Because the Government has taken this step with a great hope and now this is the time to judge the success of their efforts. And we hope our study technique helps society and government how to take necessary step to solve or remove their problems.
Significance Of The Study
To know about social life survey is the one of the most important factor. Surveys are useful is describing the characteristics of large population. And there are no other methods of observation, which can provide this general capability. A research can show us a vision of our present position or situation of our economy, politics, society or anything. There are so many problems, which we don’t know or which can’t be shown by us. But after doing survey those problems can be come up.
In our country many type of people are living there. Those people have different occupations, different life style and different problems. Sometimes those problem can be solved or sometime it can’t these things are not known by everyone. As we are student and we should know what is going around us. Because we are the young generation of our nation and many things are there which we should do for our society.
We should know about those problems and have to face those things. Not only to face the problem but also need to came up with the solution. And to do these, doing survey is one of most familiar or easy way to find out problem. For doing the report about Day light saving step in our country we have to do survey on them.
Before doing survey we have only some general knowledge or idea about this phenomenon. But after research we have found much information, which we didn’t know before. Such as we have an idea this step is helpful or burden for our country. After doing research we know that how much the employees of Business sector are suffering and how much difficult to suffer it.
Purpose
We have some purpose for make this report:
Major Purpose
- To identify the level of satisfaction of Business sectors towards the day light saving step taken by Bangladesh Government.
Other Purpose
- To know the present position after changing the DST,
- to identify the benefits of DST in business sectors,
- to identify how this sectors reacting to this DST,
- to identify the cause of their dissatisfaction,
- to identify the way of overcoming their dissatisfaction.
Limitations
One of the main limitations of our survey is time and professionalism. We don’t have enough time and we are not so much professional to make our report properly. So there will be some mistake in our report. If there may be any mistakes, we are apologetic Sir for the mistake. We are not also prearranged with required resources to do the job in a proper way.
We also faced some problems while doing the fieldwork, some workers misunderstood. Limitations that we faced can be listed as following:
o Lack of time.
o Lack of resources.
o Lack of fund.
o Lack of proper communication system.
o We faced problem in the fieldwork.
With out these negative impacts we also faced many other problems while doing our survey.
Definitions Of Terms
Day light saving is steps of keeping more day light save by starting the working hour earlier in morning than the general time of start of the day. This step generally taken in the period of summer time when the day time is usually bigger than other seasons. Day Saving Time (DST) used to save power. Clocks across the country will move forward from being 6 hours ahead of coordinate Universal time. Day light saving is a step taken by Bangladesh government to create a big opportunity for the development of our economic sectors. Day light saving is a practice of advancing clocks, so that afternoon has more days light and morning has less. Typically clocks are adjusted forward one hour near the start of summer.
The main purpose of Daylight Saving Time is to make better use of daylight. The idea is simple. During summer time, we have early sunrise. However, most of this sunlight is wasted, as people do not start the day till it is about seven or eight in the morning. By moving the clock forward one hour through out the whole country, the sunrise has been "delayed" by an hour and so is the sunset.
Review Of Related Literature
We analysis some websites and books there we found some relevant information’s about our survey topic, we have tried to summarize them up. And they are as followings:
Today, approximately 70 countries use DST, but very few are in the equatorial zone. Countries in the Equatorial Zone (EqZ) generally do not observe DST because the days and nights are of almost equal length round the year and there is little advantage in moving clocks forward. China, India, and Japan introduced DST but abandoned it due to popular opposition. Adding daylight to afternoons benefits retailing, sports, and other activities that exploit sunlight after working hours, but causes problems for farming, evening entertainment and other occupations tied to the sun. The biggest personal problem is trying to wake up an hour earlier, especially for non-morning people. This adversely affects their productivity and morale and makes them extremely grumpy.
(Source-The Daily Independent Bangladesh - Internet Edition)
From the daily Prothom-alo newspaper we found that most of the workers and general publics are dissatisfies with this time period. They are unable to match themselves with this DST step.
A 27-year-old housewife in Dhaka says right now it is a regular scenario that her son who is 7 years old and read in a English medium school usually goes to sleep when they are out for his school at very early in the morning. So, it is a common problem for every school going children.
Though day light is more than other time so the organizations owners are getting advantage of this. They are forcing the workers to do more works than before. And long factory working hours are bringing tiredness to the workers.
So the above survey report says that employees are worst sufferers, we hope that our report will find something positive about this sector.
Description Of Research Design
Our time is short and there are so other subjects we have to read. So we don’t get much more time to make our report with 100% correctly. As a result we have less time to follow the observation research design. In our short time we selected survey to know about employees of Shopping malls and Department stores. We tried our best to survey to complete our research. We don’t know “do the workers give us the right or wrong information about them?” but we thanked all the workers to answering the survey.
Source Of Data
To make our survey, we selected some shopping malls and Department stores in Dhaka. We asked some question to workers to know about their life style, economic condition, family condition etc. We asked more then seventy employees to complete our research.
Sampling Procedure
We asked them some question to analyze the report and the questions are-
Survey Questionnaires
Personal Information:
1) Name of the organization:
2) Name of the respondent:
3) Your working experience-
- 1-3 years
- 3-5 years
- 5-7 years
- Others
Knowledge about DST:
4) Do you know about Day Light Saving (DST) step taken by Bangladesh Government?
- Yes
- No
5) Do you think DST is the present public demand?
- Yes
- No
6) “DST creates a big opportunity for the Business sector”- What do you think?
- Strongly Agree
- Agree
- Moderate
- Disagree
- Strongly Disagree
7) In which sector DST step is making more impact?
- Business sector
- Educational sector
- Government sector
- Private sector
Outcomes of DST step:
8) Do you think DST step benefits you in anyway?
- Yes
- No [If ‘No’ go to Q. 10]
9) DST step helps you in-
- Maintaining proper daily life
- Get more time to do job
- Get more time to do extra work
- Benefited from every aspect
10) DST step create problems in-
- Not get enough time in morning
- Break the regular habit of doing job
- Less time to do business than before
- Create problems in every aspects of life
Business condition:
11) Does your business policy is same as before DST period?
- Yes
- No
12) How many customer visits your store daily before DST step?
- 1-20
- 21-40
- 41-60
- 61-80
- More than 80
13) How many customer visits your store after DST step has been taken?
- 1-20
- 21-40
- 41-60
- 61-80
- More than 80
14) After DST step taken the sales volume of your business-
- Vastly increase
- Slowly increases
- Remain same
- Slowly decreases
- Vastly decreases
15) The total situation of your business right now is-
Best _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Worst
Evaluating daily lifestyle:
16) On which step of the ladder do you feel your life is in DST period?
(Lower life style) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (Higher life style)
17) How does the DST step compare with the regular time?
- DST is better than regular step
- DST is about the same as regular step
- DST is worse than regular step
- Can’t say
18) What was the usual time you got up from bed in the morning before DST period?
o 4 am-5am
o 5am-6am
o 6am-7am
o 7am-8am
o 8am-9am
19) In DST period when do you get up from bed?
- 4am-5am
- 5am-6am
- 6am-7am
- 7am-8am
- 8am-9am
20) Before DST how much time you usually take to get ready for your office?
- Less than half an hour
- 1 hour
- 1 hour 30 minutes
- 2 hour
- More than 2 hour
21) Now in DST period how much time you take to get ready?
- Less than half an hour
- 1 hour
- 1 hour 30 minutes
- 2 hour
- More than 2 hour
Spending time with family:
22) You like to spend more time with your family?
- Yes
- No
23) How much time you got to spend with your family before DST period?
o Half of a day
o More than 6 hours
o 3-5 hours
o 2-4 hours
o Less than 2 hours
24) After DST step has been taken, how much time you can give your family?
o Half of a day
o More than 6 hours
o 3-5 hours
o 2-4 hours
o Less than 2 hours
Psychological conception:
25) Suppose you have the power, then how likely is it that, you will change the DST step?
- I definitely will change
- I probably will change
- I might change
- I probably will not change
- I definitely will not change
26) In your opinion DST step is helpful / burden for our country? Why?
_______________________________________________________
Research Methodology
First we took some interviews on our particular research topic. In the interview there were many questions about our topic. We gave the people options to answer properly. As we worked on Shopping mall and Department stores employees so most of them are not educated that much to answer in English, that’s why we converted our questions in bangla and get the answers in bangla, after getting the answers we converted the answers in English. That was the most challenging for us to do so.
We arranged formal Questionnaire and the pattern is open ended and close ended mixed just for the welfare of our study.
We know that by formal interview the chance to get the real answer is less but only for less availability of time we did it.
We tried to construct our Questionnaire nicely to get the best outcome; we divided the questions in some sub parts.
We selected our samples randomly. And our targets were those people who work as a low level worker in the shopping complexes and Department stores. .
Analyzes Of The Data
To analyze of the data we took help from survey. In our survey there are 26 questions about employees of Dhaka. These questions are related on personal information, knowledge about DST, outcomes of DST, business condition in DST, daily schedule of their life, family information and some psychological question. These questions are asked to 75 employees of different shopping malls and Department store.
To analyze all these data we draw our tables and figures.
1) Name of the organization: (do not need for analyze the data)
2) Name of the respondent: (do not need for analyze the data)
3) Percentage of working experience in years –
| Working years | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | 5-7 years | Others |
| No. of respondent ans. | 31 | 23 | 13 | 8 |
| Percentage | 41% | 30% | 17% | 10% |
T-01
Fig-01
Knowledge about DST
4) Percentage of knowing about the Day light saving step-
| Idea about DST | Yes | No |
| No. of respondent ans. | 75 | 0 |
| Percentage | 100% | 0 |
T-02
Fig-02
Here we can see that DST step is very well known by every employee. All of them have some idea about this initial step taken by Bangladesh government. We didn’t find any single employee of any ages, any areas who do not know about the DST step. When we ask them about DST step they all were ready to give us answers.
5) Percentage of thinking DST as a present public demand-
| Thinking DST as a public demand | Yes | No |
| No. of respondent ans. | 12 | 63 |
| Percentage | 16% | 84% |
T-03
Fig-03
From the chart we can find the dominant percentage of the employees who don’t think that DST is a present public demand. Most of them think that it is a try-out of the Government, after some days when the outcome will be “Zero” then the DST system will automatically shut down.
6) Percentage of the respondent who thinks DST creates a big opportunity for the Business sector-
| Think DST is a opportunity | Strongly agree | Agree | Moderate | Disagree | Strongly disagree |
| No. of respondent ans. | 3 | 14 | 12 | 28 | 18 |
| Percentage | 4% | 19% | 16% | 37% | 24% |
T-04
Fig-04
There are slight ups and downs in the opinions about this question. But more than 50% of the respondents don’t agree with us that DST creates a big opportunity for Business sector. Among them 24% of the respondent strongly disagreed with us. From the rest nearly 23% tells that DST opened some opportunity for them. And around 12 employees don’t give any answer of any side.
7) Percentage of thinking the sectors in which DST step is making more impact-
| Sectors | Business | Educational | Government | Private |
| No. of respondent ans. | 18 | 16 | 20 | 21 |
| Percentage | 24% | 21% | 27% | 28% |
T-05
Fig-05
From the earlier question we came out to know that most of the employees of business sector didn’t think that DST has no impacts on Business peoples. But when we gave them some other sectors with Business sectors and told them to choose 1 from the options around 24% of the employees tick the business sector. The maximum tick goes for the Government sector and for the Private sector.
Outcomes of DST step
8) Percentage of thinking that DST has benefited them-
| DST has benefited | Yes | No |
| No. of respondent ans. | 22 | 53 |
| Percentage | 29% | 71% |
T-06
Fig-06
From the graph we can see that most of the respondent thinks DST didn’t benefit them. But around 29% of the employees agree that DST has benefited them anyway.
9) Percentage those think DST helps them-
| DST helps | Proper daily life | Get more time to do job | Get more time to do extra work | Benefited in every aspect |
| No. of respondent ans. | 6 | 5 | 8 | 4 |
| Percentage | 8% | 7% | 11% | 5% |
T-07
Fig-07
From the earlier question we found that around 22 employees think DST benefited them. Now from them most think that DST is giving them more time to do their extra works. And others choose answers as they think.
10) Percentage those think DST create problems-
| Create problems | Less time in morning | Break the regular habit of job | Less time for business | Create problems in every aspect |
| No. of respondent ans. | 7 | 27 | 6 | 13 |
| Percentage | 9% | 36% | 8% | 17% |
T-08
Fig-08
Now from the 53 respondent who disagree strongly that DST doesn’t helps them in any way, from them around 27 employees think that DST has broken the regular habit of doing job. Some of them told due to DST they didn’t get enough time in morning. But we were surprised when almost 17% of the employees which is the second highest told us roughly that DST creates problems in every aspect of their lives.
Business condition
11) Those who keep their business policy same as before DST-
| Business policy same | Yes | No |
| No. of respondent ans. | 68 | 7 |
| Percentage | 91% | 9% |
T-09
Fig-09
The chart shows us the information that almost the full respondent told that their business policy is likely to be same as before. They didn’t bring any difference in heir business policy due to DST step. But with them some like 9% said that they brought slight changes in their timing policies.
12) Percentage of customers visits before DST period-
| Customers visits | 1-20 | 21-40 | 41-60 | 61-80 | More than 80 |
| No. of respondent ans. | 7 | 34 | 14 | 18 | 2 |
| Percentage | 9% | 45% | 19% | 24% | 3% |
T-10
Fig-10
13) Percentage of customers visits at DST period-
| Customers visits | 1-20 | 21-40 | 41-60 | 61-80 | More than 80 |
| No. of respondent ans. | 6 | 42 | 15 | 11 | 2 |
| Percentage | 8% | 56% | 20% | 15% | 3% |
T-11
Fig-11
From the 12 & 13 no. questions we can compare the number of the customer’s visits in their shops in the two different periods of time being. From the Fig-10 & Fig-11 we can see that there is slight difference in the number of customers. Some of them are getting few more customers & some of them are getting few less customers. But the main thing is that all of them said that there is no vast difference in the number of customers because of this step.
14) Position of sales volume-
| Sales volume | Vastly increases | Slowly increases | Remain same | Slowly decreases | Vastly decrease |
| No. of respondent ans. | 0 | 17 | 38 | 20 | 0 |
| Percentage | 0 | 23% | 51% | 27% | 0 |
T-12
Fig-12
From some earlier questions we got the information that there is no vast change in their business due to DST. So in this question it was expected that no respondent will go for the first and last option. And we can see it also in our chart also. The first and the last pillar contains ‘0’ percentage. And like our expectation around 51% of the respondent said that their sales volume is same as before. There is a close fight between slowly increase and slowly decrease. Both of them are around 25%. But they assure us that this slow variation is not only happening because of DST, there is some other factors also.
15) Total situation of business-
| Business situation | Best | Same | Worst |
| No. of respondent ans. | 13 | 37 | 25 |
| Percentage | 17% | 49% | 33% |
T-13
Fig-13
When asked them to point out their total business situation from best to worst, half of the total respondents choose the middle point. That means there is no change in their business position. They are doing their business as before. But some of 33% respondent said that their present business position is worse than before. They blame some other reasons with DST for this situation.
Evaluating daily life style
16) Life in DST period-
| Lifestyle | Higher | Middle | Lower |
| No. of respondent ans. | 12 | 45 | 18 |
| Percentage | 16% | 60% | 24% |
T-14
Fig-14
Now after business when we came into their personal life and give them a lifestyle ladder to choose a point among the higher lifestyle to lower lifestyle, most of them tick in middle point. When we asked the reason they said just one step like DST can not change their lifestyle. 24% of the respondent goes for lower lifestyle but they don’t know the valid reason behind this. Here also the Higher position is lowest.
17) DST step compare with regular step-
| DST compare with regular time | Better | Same | Worse | Cant say |
| No. of respondent ans. | 12 | 23 | 38 | 4 |
| Percentage | 16% | 31% | 51% | 5% |
T-15
Fig-15
Here there is some ups and downs in the graph. 16% of the employees think DST is better than regular time table because of some benefits. But here also the maximum number of respondent goes against DST. They said DST is worse than regular time table. Around 31% employees didn’t argue with the best or worst. They said they are happy with any time table.
18) Time of got up from bed before DST step-
| Time | 4-5 am | 5-6 am | 6-7 am | 7-8 am | 8-9 am |
| No. of respondent ans. | 7 | 8 | 18 | 32 | 10 |
| Percentage | 9% | 11% | 24% | 43% | 13% |
T-16
Fig-16
Before DST step has been taken most employees got up from bed during 7am to 8am. Those who do prayers they woke up at 5am. And those who are little bed lover they usually got up late morning at 8am to 9am.
19) Time of got up from bed at DST step-
| Time | 4-5am | 5-6am | 6-7am | 7-8am | 8-9am |
| No. of respondent ans. | 5 | 20 | 35 | 11 | 4 |
| Percentage | 6% | 20% | 48% | 15% | 5% |
T-17
Fig-17
Now when DST comes it break their habit of wake up time. Most of the employees who usually got up at 6am to 7 am, in DST they have to got up before 6am. And it creates problems for them. Many of them said that DST is like a burden for their children.
20) Taken time to get ready in morning before DST-
| Time taken | Half an hour | 1 hour | 1hour 30mint. | 2 hour | More than 2hour |
| No. of respondent ans. | 14 | 43 | 16 | 2 | 0 |
| Percentage | 19% | 57% | 21% | 3% | 0 |
T-18
Fig-18
21) Taken time to get ready in morning in DST period-
| Time taken | Half an hour | 1 hour | 1hour 30mint. | 2 hour | More than 2hour |
| No. of respondent ans. | 45 | 22 | 12 | 0 | 0 |
| Percentage | 60% | 26% | 12% | 0 | 0 |
T-19
Fig-19
From the question no. 20 we came to know that most of the respondent usually takes 1 hour to get ready for their office. In Fig-18 we can see the evidence. Here around 57% said that they take 1 hour. But in DST those respondents said that they didn’t get more than half an hour to get ready. The reason behind this is they could not get up early in morning.
Family support
22) Percentage likes to spend time with family-
| Likes to spend time with family | Yes | No |
| No. of respondent ans. | 75 | 0 |
| Percentage | 100% | 0 |
T-20
Fig-20
Now when we come in parts of their family the all are becoming smiling. Because they all like to spend time with their family. And we can see it from the graph, where all the 100% goes for yes. They like to give much time to their family.
23) Time spend with family before DST period-
| Spending time | Half of a day | More than 6hours | 3-5hours | 2-3hours | Less than 2hours |
| No. of respondent ans. | 1 | 12 | 48 | 13 | 2 |
| Percentage | 1% | 16% | 64% | 17% | 3% |
T-21
Fig-21
The chart is given us the information that 64% of the total employee could not give more than 5 hours to their family in a day. 16% said they can because they work in evening shift. Just 1 respondent said that he spend half of a day with his family because he is the owner of the shop.
24) Time spend with family in DST period-
| Spending time | Half of a day | More than 6hours | 3-5hours | 2-3hours | Less than 2hours |
| No. of respondent ans. | 5 | 35 | 25 | 5 | 2 |
| Percentage | 7% | 47% | 33% | 7% | 3% |
T-22
Fig-22
Most of the respondent is happy in this sight. Because DST gives them this benefit. They can spend more time with their family. Here from the graph we can see that around 47% of the employees said that right now they can give more than 6 hours to their family.
Psychological thinking
25) If they have the power no. of respondent who wants to change DST-
| Change DST | Definitely Change | Probably change | Might change | Probably not change | Definitely not change |
| No. of respondent ans. | 41 | 8 | 3 | 20 | 3 |
| Percentage | 55% | 11% | 4% | 27% | 4% |
T-23
Fig-23
From all the information that we got from earlier questions, by accumulation them we asked the respondent a psychological question. From the chart we can see that most of the respondent is dissatisfied with DST and they wants to change this.
26) Percentage who think DST is helpful or burden-
| DST step | Helpful | Burden |
| No. of respondent ans. | 20 | 55 |
| Percentage | 27% | 73% |
T-24
Fig-24
Finally we asked them a question that what they think about DST? And as like before around 73% of the respondent said DST is burden for them and the Government should resolve it.
RECOMMENDATION
